Motor winding method:

1. Distinguished by the magnetic poles formed by the stator windings

The stator winding can be divided into dominant pole type and common pole type according to the relationship between the number of magnetic poles of the motor and the actual number of magnetic poles in the winding distribution stroke.

1. Manifest pole winding: In manifest pole winding, each coil (group) travels one magnetic pole, and the number of coils (groups) in the winding is equal to the number of magnetic poles.

In the manifest-pole winding, in order to keep the polarity N and S of the magnetic poles apart from each other, the current directions in the two adjacent coils (groups) must be opposite, that is, the two coils (groups) must be connected at the end Connect the tail end and the head end to the head end (electrician terminology is "tail to tail, head to head"), that is, reverse series connection.

2. Common-pole winding: In common-pole winding, each coil (group) travels two magnetic poles, and the number of coils (groups) of the winding is half of the magnetic poles, because the other half of the magnetic poles are generated by the coils (groups) to produce the magnetic field lines of the magnetic poles. A common trip.

In the common-pole winding, the polarity of the magnetic poles traveled by each coil (group) is the same, so the current direction in all coils (groups) is the same, that is, the connection method of two adjacent coils (groups) should be as follows The tail receiving end (called "tail connector" in electrician terms) is connected in series.

2. Distinguish by the shape of the stator winding and the embedded wiring method

The stator winding can be divided into centralized and distributed types according to the shape of the coil winding and the embedded wiring method.

1. Concentrated winding: Concentrated winding generally consists of only one or several rectangular frame coils. After winding, it is wrapped with sand tape to shape, and then soaked in paint and dried, and then embedded in the core of the salient magnetic pole. This winding is used in the excitation coils of DC motors, general-purpose motors, and the main pole windings of single-phase shaded pole motors.

2. Distributed winding: The stator of a motor using distributed winding does not have convex pole palms. Each magnetic pole is composed of one or several coils that are embedded and wired according to certain rules to form a coil group. According to the different forms of embedded wiring arrangement, distributed windings can be divided into concentric and stacked types.

2.1 Concentric winding: several rectangular coils of different sizes in the same coil group, embedded one by one in a zigzag shape according to the same center position. Concentric windings are divided into single layer and multi-layer. Generally, the stator windings of single-phase motors and some small-power three-phase asynchronous motors adopt this form.

2.2 Stacked winding: All coils have the same shape and size (except for single and double coils). One coil edge is embedded in each slot, and they are evenly distributed one after another at the outer end of the slot. Laminated windings are divided into two types: single-layered and double-layered. Embedding only one coil side in each slot is a single-layer stacked winding, or a single-stack winding; embedding two coil sides belonging to different coil groups (divided into upper and lower layers) in each slot is a double-layer stacked winding, or a double-stack winding. Laminated winding. Due to the different changes in embedded wiring methods, stacked windings can be divided into single and double-turn cross wiring arrangements and single and double layer hybrid wiring arrangements. In addition, the embedded shapes at the ends of the windings are called chain windings and basket windings, which are actually stacked windings. Generally, the stator windings of three-phase asynchronous motors mostly use stacked windings.

3. Rotor winding:

Rotor windings are basically divided into two types: squirrel cage type and wire wound type. The squirrel-cage structure has simple glue. Its windings used to be clamped copper bars. Nowadays, most of them use cast aluminum. The special double-squirrel-cage rotor has two sets of squirrel-cage bars. The wound rotor winding is the same as the stator winding, and is also stacked with another wave winding. The shape of the wave winding is similar to that of the stacked winding, but the wiring method is different. Its basic original component is not the entire coil, but twenty single-turn unit coils. After embedded assembly, they need to be welded one by one into a coil group. Wave windings are generally used in the rotor windings of large AC motors or the armature windings of medium and large DC motors.

The diameter and number of turns of the winding affect the speed and torque of the motor:

The more turns, the stronger the torque will be, but the speed will be lower. The fewer turns, the faster the speed will be, but the torque will be weaker, because the more turns, the greater the magnetic force generated, and of course, the greater the current, the greater the magnetic field.

Speed formula: n=60f/P

(n=speed, f=power frequency, P=number of magnetic pole pairs)

Torque formula: T=9550P/n

T is torque, unit N·m, P is output power, unit KW, n is motor speed, unit r/min

Shenzhen Zhongling Technology Co., Ltd. has been deeply involved in external rotor gearless hub servo motors for many years. It uses centralized windings and flexibly combines different winding turns and diameters with reference to different application scene conditions to design 4-16-inch, load-bearing 50-300kg external rotor gearless hub motors are widely used in various wheeled robots, especially in industries such as food delivery robots, cleaning robots, and building distribution robots. Zhongling Technology shines. At the same time, Zhongling Technology remains true to its original aspirations and continues to develop a more comprehensive series of wheel hub motors, and continues to improve product design and production processes to help wheeled robots serve mankind.